Energy-saving ground source heat pump has become an important direction of heating and air-conditioning energy saving in engineering

Ground source heat pump technology is a renewable energy technology that utilizes shallow underground geothermal resources and transfers heat energy from low temperature to high temperature by inputting a small amount of high-grade energy (such as electrical energy) to solve heating and cooling problems. With the development and maturity of related technologies, the application of ground source heat pump technology in heating and air conditioning has developed rapidly.

Ground source heat pump is a technology that air-conditioning the building with the earth as the heat source. In winter, the heat pump is used to increase the low-level heat energy in the earth to heat the building, while storing the cold energy for summer use; in summer, the heat pump is used to transfer the heat in the building. Go underground to cool the building and store heat for winter use. Because of its energy saving, environmental protection, thermal stability and other characteristics, it has attracted the attention of all countries in the world. According to the reporter's understanding, the use of ground source heat pumps in developed countries such as Europe and the United States has a history of decades, especially in terms of heating, a large number of materials and data on design, construction and operation have been accumulated

Classification of ground source heat pumps

According to the geothermal resources used, it is divided into three types: soil source heat pump system, groundwater source heat pump system and surface water heat pump system. The soil source heat pump system uses the earth as the heat source, and the circulating liquid flows in a closed heat exchanger composed of horizontal or vertical underground pipes, so as to absorb heat to the surrounding soil in winter and release heat to the surrounding soil in summer. The heat exchange pipe network and maintaining the long-term stability of the underground temperature field are the keys to the success of the project. Groundwater source heat pump system, groundwater heat pump system, is a kind of water body as a low heat source, by extracting groundwater to release heat in the heat pump and then recharging it to the groundwater layer to achieve heat transfer between the system and groundwater, and avoid groundwater resources in application. Erosion and ensuring that the groundwater layer is not polluted are prerequisites for the implementation of the project. The surface water source heat pump system realizes the heat transfer between the system and the surface water through a heat exchanger composed of multiple parallel plastic tubes below the surface water surface in ponds, lakes or rivers. Environmental impacts need to be considered in advance.

Energy saving and emission reduction advantages of ground source heat pump

70% of the energy of the ground source heat pump air conditioning system comes from the soil, and 30% of the energy comes from electricity, which is used to "transport" the heat from the soil to the room. Compared with boiler (electricity, fuel) heating system, boiler heating can only convert more than 90% of electric energy or 70-90% of fuel internal energy into heat for users to use, so it saves three points compared to electric boiler heating. It can save more than half of the energy than the fuel boiler, and its operating cost is only 50-60% of the ordinary central air conditioner. The ground source heat pump system has no combustion process and no pollutant discharge in winter, reduces the loss of floating water in the cooling tower in summer, slows down the urban heat island effect, and has extremely significant economic and social benefits.

Reasonable Design of Ground Source Heat Pump System

Design of ground source heat pump central air conditioning system Ground source heat pump central air conditioning is a complete system. The ground source heat pump system must be adapted to local conditions. According to the function, environment and soil and hydrological conditions of the building, the cooling and heating load of the building should be calculated and carefully carried out. Hydrogeological exploration and underground geotechnical thermal physical parameter detection, reasonable selection of the type and scale of ground source heat pump units, and detailed engineering investment and energy-saving benefit analysis, based on this, the ground source heat pump system can be carefully designed to give full play to the ground source heat pump. The advantages of energy saving and emission reduction of the system have achieved good economic benefits.

In a word, adopting different forms of ground source heat pump technology according to local conditions can effectively utilize low-temperature geothermal resources, and at the same time overcome the limitations and shortcomings of traditional heating and air-conditioning technology, which is of great significance in energy conservation, emission reduction and urban modernization.